This class has opened a whole new world to me. I hadn’t used ANY of the tools we’ve covered or even heard of half of them. It will take me a while after this class is over to get more familiar with them all. Still, this class got me over a block of sorts in using these tools. I was a bit stressed over the first produsage project as it was all so new.
In addition to starting to get familiar with Web 2.0 tools, the Shirky and Bruns books have opened the world of the produsage concept and theories to me. I hadn’t really thought about the movement of Web 2.0 as a collective so much. I guess I wasn’t amazed by the breadth and scope of its reach as much as the formal thought and documentation of it. Even the most casual observer such as me can see the influence of social media tools on society. What was an eye-opener was the intelligent design that is going into it.
I imagine for the immediate term I will continue to educate myself on these tools in preparation for using them in some work setting. I do not see that I will use them any time soon in the places that I work. However, I am certain that eventually I will. On the personal side, I am still considering how I want to use them. I am concerned about issues of anonymity still, though don’t see a way around it, especially since the IS program is now using Twitter, Facebook, and other things. Just want to jump in with a bit of care.
Thursday, August 6, 2009
Wednesday, August 5, 2009
Table of Tools
I felt the need to put together a list of all the tools we've covered or people have used. I know there are many more out there but this is a start.
Delicious - Organized set of bookmarks. You can do a search by topic.
www.delicious.com
StumbleUpon - Organized set of websites. You can search by topic.
www.stumbleupon.com
Technorati - An organized set of blogs. You can search by topic for a particular blog.
www.technorati.com
citeulike - Organized set of scholarly articles and other references
www.citeulike
Twitter
www.twitter.com
Diigo - Bookmarking. Easy to use. Started to cause issues on my computer so need to check that out.
www.diigo.com
Flickr - Photosharing. A lot of the other tools made it easy to import photos from here.
www.flickr.com
Youtube
Second Life - Place for setting up a sort of imaginary set of circumstances for play and also for testing things out. Has been used for advertising purposes.
Ning - A bulletin board or sorts. Posts photos, videos, text boxes, chat, blog, forum
WetPaint - Similar to Ning, but has a wiki-type menu on the lefthand side, which makes me like it a bit more.
Wiki
Moodle - Used to create courses.
www.moodle.com
Delicious - Organized set of bookmarks. You can do a search by topic.
www.delicious.com
StumbleUpon - Organized set of websites. You can search by topic.
www.stumbleupon.com
Technorati - An organized set of blogs. You can search by topic for a particular blog.
www.technorati.com
citeulike - Organized set of scholarly articles and other references
www.citeulike
www.twitter.com
Diigo - Bookmarking. Easy to use. Started to cause issues on my computer so need to check that out.
www.diigo.com
Flickr - Photosharing. A lot of the other tools made it easy to import photos from here.
www.flickr.com
Youtube
Second Life - Place for setting up a sort of imaginary set of circumstances for play and also for testing things out. Has been used for advertising purposes.
Ning - A bulletin board or sorts. Posts photos, videos, text boxes, chat, blog, forum
WetPaint - Similar to Ning, but has a wiki-type menu on the lefthand side, which makes me like it a bit more.
Wiki
Moodle - Used to create courses.
www.moodle.com
Tuesday, August 4, 2009
Chapter 13 - Notes
Chapter 13 - Produsage in Education
Discussion of educating people on using produsage
Issues:
- Divide between people who use and understand produsage and those who don’t
- Any produsage project doesn’t get even attention to all aspects of the project. The more interesting stuff will draw more people.
- Educators must understand produsage so they can properly teach students how it is created and how to use it.
Literacy to Capability
- People must be able to consume as well as contribute to produsage (no free riders I guess)
- In order to produce literacy, the capacity must also be produced to accommodate the usage
- How would the model of education have to change to a “produsage” model.
- Role of teachers would change like the “expert”. The teacher/student dichotomy would have to change. But, “the time when information was scarce has passed”.
- It is necessary to reinvent learning as a process of collaboration.
- This requires teachers to fundamentally reposition themselves as teachers.
- Five pillars of pedagogy that this would be based on:
- Creative – ability to act as a creative co-collaborator
- Collaborative – know how to collaborate effectively
- Critical – the ability to evaluate and critique
- Combinatory – ability to combine and re-combine arifacts
- Communicative –
A Casual Collapse of Conventional Education
Teachers ultimately become facilitators
Tip of the Iceberg
- New models for self-education by produser for produsers are emerging.
- Educational institutions could be “the hierarchical tip of the heterarchical iceberg of education”
- TeacherTube – widens the rage of participants able to engage in the development and provision of teaching resources…open-source-type classrooms in which everyone contributes to the curriculum
- OpenCourseWare
- Assessment and accreditation – schools could/would maintain the role of providing assessment and accreditation, but people/learners would acquire this knowledge
Reopening Academia
Traditional academic processes are not really that different from the vision of a produsage-based paradigm: open to input and review, never really finished, etc.
Discussion of educating people on using produsage
Issues:
- Divide between people who use and understand produsage and those who don’t
- Any produsage project doesn’t get even attention to all aspects of the project. The more interesting stuff will draw more people.
- Educators must understand produsage so they can properly teach students how it is created and how to use it.
Literacy to Capability
- People must be able to consume as well as contribute to produsage (no free riders I guess)
- In order to produce literacy, the capacity must also be produced to accommodate the usage
- How would the model of education have to change to a “produsage” model.
- Role of teachers would change like the “expert”. The teacher/student dichotomy would have to change. But, “the time when information was scarce has passed”.
- It is necessary to reinvent learning as a process of collaboration.
- This requires teachers to fundamentally reposition themselves as teachers.
- Five pillars of pedagogy that this would be based on:
- Creative – ability to act as a creative co-collaborator
- Collaborative – know how to collaborate effectively
- Critical – the ability to evaluate and critique
- Combinatory – ability to combine and re-combine arifacts
- Communicative –
A Casual Collapse of Conventional Education
Teachers ultimately become facilitators
Tip of the Iceberg
- New models for self-education by produser for produsers are emerging.
- Educational institutions could be “the hierarchical tip of the heterarchical iceberg of education”
- TeacherTube – widens the rage of participants able to engage in the development and provision of teaching resources…open-source-type classrooms in which everyone contributes to the curriculum
- OpenCourseWare
- Assessment and accreditation – schools could/would maintain the role of providing assessment and accreditation, but people/learners would acquire this knowledge
Reopening Academia
Traditional academic processes are not really that different from the vision of a produsage-based paradigm: open to input and review, never really finished, etc.
Friday, July 31, 2009
Chapter 11 Notes
Chapter 11 – The Produsage Game: Harboring the Hive of Produsers
Gaming is the leader in applying produsage.
The Sims – game to decorate houses. Difference between this and Wiki is that it is commercial (Maxis and Electronic Arts).
Trainz – simulator. Participants developed their own 3D models – there are now vast amounts of “in-game” objects. There are “lead users”. One motivation is to see your own work on the game.
Produsing in the Space
Multiplayer online games (MMOGs). Players produse in-game assets but also create a shared history, sociality, society.
EverQuest – simulates fictional world of Norrath. Produsers develop their own approach to playing the game. The users collaborate to “tell the story”.
Raises moral and ethical issues. Sony tried to prohibit sales of Norrath stuff. Caused a reaction from the community. Highlighted the identify confusion between EverQuest as owned by the corporation or owned by the community. Now Sony tolerates auctions.
“Software providers as harborers of community”
Second Life – blank canvas to be populated with own interests and ideas. “Virtually every object is the creative work of its membership. It goes beyond gaming because you can pretty much create anything. Another word for it is MUVE – multi-user virtual environment. Operates according to principles of produsage.
Created by Linden Labs. Produsers retain property rights to their content.
New Internal and External Economies
Second Life is emerging as a test bed for new ideas, where real world prototypes can be released at low cost with direct feedback from users.
Imagining a Produsage-Based World
All the principles of produsage
Variety of local self-government approaches
“Federated Model” – civic communities act like federated states with an overall govt.
Produsing Socially
The question of governance: how are the assets governed? How do the communities view themselves? How does this relate to the producers?
Second Life and such give the appearance of openness but really they are like gated communities. It is important not to apply traditional governmental approaches to these spaces. Need to encourage further exploration of how to govern it.
The governance issue applies to other produsage areas: wikipedia over policy, YouTube and controversies over EULAs, Flickr, commu
Gaming is the leader in applying produsage.
The Sims – game to decorate houses. Difference between this and Wiki is that it is commercial (Maxis and Electronic Arts).
Trainz – simulator. Participants developed their own 3D models – there are now vast amounts of “in-game” objects. There are “lead users”. One motivation is to see your own work on the game.
Produsing in the Space
Multiplayer online games (MMOGs). Players produse in-game assets but also create a shared history, sociality, society.
EverQuest – simulates fictional world of Norrath. Produsers develop their own approach to playing the game. The users collaborate to “tell the story”.
Raises moral and ethical issues. Sony tried to prohibit sales of Norrath stuff. Caused a reaction from the community. Highlighted the identify confusion between EverQuest as owned by the corporation or owned by the community. Now Sony tolerates auctions.
“Software providers as harborers of community”
Second Life – blank canvas to be populated with own interests and ideas. “Virtually every object is the creative work of its membership. It goes beyond gaming because you can pretty much create anything. Another word for it is MUVE – multi-user virtual environment. Operates according to principles of produsage.
Created by Linden Labs. Produsers retain property rights to their content.
New Internal and External Economies
Second Life is emerging as a test bed for new ideas, where real world prototypes can be released at low cost with direct feedback from users.
Imagining a Produsage-Based World
All the principles of produsage
Variety of local self-government approaches
“Federated Model” – civic communities act like federated states with an overall govt.
Produsing Socially
The question of governance: how are the assets governed? How do the communities view themselves? How does this relate to the producers?
Second Life and such give the appearance of openness but really they are like gated communities. It is important not to apply traditional governmental approaches to these spaces. Need to encourage further exploration of how to govern it.
The governance issue applies to other produsage areas: wikipedia over policy, YouTube and controversies over EULAs, Flickr, commu
Wednesday, July 29, 2009
Chapter Ten Notes
Chapter 10 – Media and Creative Industries: New Opportunities or Casual Collapse?
Produsage approach to marketing media has led to making more available non mainstream merchandise, which people are buying a lot more than when it was not available. Bruns calls this “a wider phenomenon of the long tail”.
Greatest changes are occurring within consumption communities. Move toward consumption as a networked practice.
Copyright
iTunes demonstrates that commercial distrib of digital content is possible
Many users now understand media industries to be highly exploitative. Arguments for people to act morally depend on the institutions acting morally. Ha!
Factors affecting whether someone will pay for tunes if they could get them for free:
- Ease and safety
- Relative cost in terms of time, effort, broadband service
- User’s loyalty to the content creator
iTunes has a good reputation and found the right price
DGMLive successful because of the fan/musician relationship, not audience/distributor.
It is likely that for industry attempts to employ ethical rather than legal appeals – success will come outside the mainstream. (I doubt it.)
Produser to Producer
It appears that new rather than traditional players in the media industries are most likely to harness the creativity of produsage communities. Example – Current.tv (I guess Al Gore participates in this so it may draw his sway of politicos.)
Music sites have emerged that provide a space for unsigned, semi-pros to make a name. Sites include GaragebandPurevolume. Musicians might tend to stay here instead of going mainstream and dealing with the corporate exploitation.
Possible result of produsage distributed media is less a “popular/un-popular” continuum but more a fall away from a peak to a “gentle slope of mediated cultural communities”.
“If the 20th century was about hits, the 21st century will be equally about misses.”
The New Creative Industries
“Interactions are more important than broadcasts.” i.e., effectiveness is based on your ability to make fruitful connections.
Fall away from the peak towards the periphery. This could allow for innovation in the content and style of the text and other material.
Detaching Authorship from Ownership
Tragedy of the anticommons – multiple owners each have a right to exclude others and no one has an effective privilege of use. Negative effect proven when the restrictions are lifted and there has been significant growth.
Patent thicket – network of restrictions – preventing protection. Could discourage investment in research and advancement.
Communities as Copyright Holders
“A move toward true collective ownership of prodused resources would mean that communities would be better able to enforce their full set of IP rights.”
Shopwork – represents the full combination of all version of the produsage project.
Issues of commercial exploitation:
Is the creator being recognized?
Who profits?
Sanger, “What I want to urge is that society respect and, through its laws, support the existence of the presently-nascent general institution of shopwork.”
Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Week Five Question
How do issues such as authorship, copyright and open access impact your desire, ability and willingness to engage in produsage, both personally and professionally?
Authorship and copyright wouldn’t really affect my participation in produsage. I think it’s one of those things that yeh, maybe once in a blue moon you’d get someone who did something uncool, but 99.99% of the time people would be fair, courteous, and professional. I’m thinking most of the time the produsage project itself would attract like people – both in terms of knowledge and skills as well as mentality or behavior.
Another thought - word of mouth travels fast and is pretty effective – just like other forums. Even in the broad world of the Web, I think shenanigans would catch up with someone sooner or later.
Also, I think these issues would be minimized with produsage since there is always a record or origination and participation – like the history aspect of the Wikipedia. It would be harder to falsely claim authorship.
Authorship and copyright wouldn’t really affect my participation in produsage. I think it’s one of those things that yeh, maybe once in a blue moon you’d get someone who did something uncool, but 99.99% of the time people would be fair, courteous, and professional. I’m thinking most of the time the produsage project itself would attract like people – both in terms of knowledge and skills as well as mentality or behavior.
Another thought - word of mouth travels fast and is pretty effective – just like other forums. Even in the broad world of the Web, I think shenanigans would catch up with someone sooner or later.
Also, I think these issues would be minimized with produsage since there is always a record or origination and participation – like the history aspect of the Wikipedia. It would be harder to falsely claim authorship.
Sunday, July 26, 2009
Week Four Question
Week 4
How do you judge the value of expertise on the Web? Does it differ from your notion of expertise in face-to-face settings? Why or why not?
I hadn’t thought about it prior to this course or being posed the question directly, but I think I judge expertise on the web the same as I do in f2f settings. How much care I take to judge a situation depends on the topic. For instance, if someone is telling me it’s going to rain this afternoon, I would just take their word for it, except perhaps if I were planning to attend an outdoor BBQ or something. In that case, I would question the source of the information.
I think my importance thermometer is gauged by the effect to me (or others) personally and/or to my value system. For example, I’ve become more interested in the health care reform debate in recent weeks. I find it difficult to understand what the real differences and options are between the choices. One thing that is said a lot is “such and such an organization endorses/doesn’t endorse this bill.” At first, I took that as a strong case for one side or the other, but since I’ve heard it so much I now want to know more about the credentials and other info about these organizations. This would be the same as whether I heard it f2f or read it on the web.
Regarding the Wiki, now that I understand more about how information is generated, I take it less as “fact” than I did before. However, the same readings on the Wiki made me think about how I judged expertise prior to the Web, in that ancient all-f2f world. I took everything in the encyclopedia as fact. Now I see that one could question information there as well. So, once again, I’m back to judging expertise the same on the Web as in f2f.
How do you judge the value of expertise on the Web? Does it differ from your notion of expertise in face-to-face settings? Why or why not?
I hadn’t thought about it prior to this course or being posed the question directly, but I think I judge expertise on the web the same as I do in f2f settings. How much care I take to judge a situation depends on the topic. For instance, if someone is telling me it’s going to rain this afternoon, I would just take their word for it, except perhaps if I were planning to attend an outdoor BBQ or something. In that case, I would question the source of the information.
I think my importance thermometer is gauged by the effect to me (or others) personally and/or to my value system. For example, I’ve become more interested in the health care reform debate in recent weeks. I find it difficult to understand what the real differences and options are between the choices. One thing that is said a lot is “such and such an organization endorses/doesn’t endorse this bill.” At first, I took that as a strong case for one side or the other, but since I’ve heard it so much I now want to know more about the credentials and other info about these organizations. This would be the same as whether I heard it f2f or read it on the web.
Regarding the Wiki, now that I understand more about how information is generated, I take it less as “fact” than I did before. However, the same readings on the Wiki made me think about how I judged expertise prior to the Web, in that ancient all-f2f world. I took everything in the encyclopedia as fact. Now I see that one could question information there as well. So, once again, I’m back to judging expertise the same on the Web as in f2f.
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